Towhidul
Islam Nayeem

The research revealed that Bangladesh's e-commerce sector is expanding rapidly, driven by growing internet penetration and the rise of digital payment systems. Despite this momentum, significant challenges persist — including logistics inefficiencies, low consumer trust, and infrastructure limitations. The study identified key growth opportunities in mobile commerce and expanding online markets, with recommendations focused on improving customer service, packaging standards, and CRM practices.

The study identified major barriers including limited access to formal financing, absence of structured mentorship pathways, and low investor confidence stemming from transparency issues. Most startups rely heavily on personal savings and struggle with fundraising processes. The proposed Capital Mitra platform addresses these gaps through verified startup profiles, intelligent investor matchmaking, escrow-based funding mechanisms, and integrated mentorship — fostering a more inclusive and efficient investment ecosystem in Bangladesh.

A positive association was found between robust ESG reporting and higher firm sales. Companies with higher ESG disclosure scores demonstrated more stable revenue growth, highlighting the strategic value of integrating sustainability into corporate communication.

Companies with elevated biodiversity risk exposure exhibited lower risk-adjusted returns and higher earnings volatility. Firms with proactive biodiversity risk management demonstrated more resilient financial performance, underscoring the growing materiality of ecological risk in corporate strategy.